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Geothermische energie

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Omlaag ↓

[verwijderd] 14 december 2013 23:05

Aardwarmte is in Nederland alleen nog toegepast door tuinders. Voor de tuinbouwbedrijven bestaat een flink deel van de kosten uit verwarmingskosten en de gasprijsontwikkelingen zijn de laatste jaren niet erg gunstig geweest. Ik heb zelf een kijkje mogen nemen bij het project van GreenWell, en ondanks alle kinderziektes die men tegenkwam geeft de warmtebron een hoop rust in de tent qua stookkosten. Bij de kinderziektes moet gedacht worden aan ongewenste bijvangst van gas en problemen met het injecteren van gebruikt warm water terug de grond in. Meer tuinders zouden aardwarmte willen, maar financiering is een probleem. Sowieso is de interesse van meerdere tuinders nodig omdat losse bedrijven te klein zijn. Het grootste probleem lijkt de onzekerheid bij de boringen te zijn, waardoor financiers niet durven.
Uiteraard zijn de projecten van de tuinders nog relatief klein en zijn de boringen relatief ondiep ( ongeveer 2500m). Er zijn dit jaar ook 2 enorme opsporingsvergunningen afgegeven aan Transmark Renewables voor dieptes van 4.000-6.000m. Zij hebben plannen om mogelijk elektriciteit op te gaan wekken met aardwarmte (stoom). www.transmark-renewables.com/Message....

[verwijderd] 14 december 2013 23:09

Geen beursgenoteerd bedrijf trouwens Transmark, voor zover ik kan nagaan. Maar denk voor beleggingskansen ook eens richting de infrastructuur. Naast geothermie zal ook de benutting van restwarmte de komende jaren veel aandacht krijgen. Er gaan enorme hoeveelheden energie verloren. Voor de benutting van deze restwarmte is infrastructuur nodig.

nobahamas 15 december 2013 00:10

Niet allen door Tuinders.
Bedrijventerrein de Trompet in Heemskerk wordt volledig verwarmd, en gekoeld door aardwarmte!
www.heemskerk.nl/projecten/de_trompet/

nobahamas 15 december 2013 00:13

Een stuk uit 2007 wat me nog steeds intrigeert, en niet geschreven door zomaar iemand; dr Marlies ter Voorde, universitair docent aardwetenschappen.
Want wat doe je als je in een tanker gevuld met water op de oceaan rond dobbert, en je krijgt dorst? Dan boor je een gaatje in de tank, steekt er een rietje in, en hebt genoeg te drinken voor de komende 100.000 jaar.

www.falw.vu.nl/nl/voor-het-vwo/wetens...

[verwijderd] 15 december 2013 00:20

Zoals ik het lees gebruiken ze daar Warmte Koude Opslag. De tuinders waar ik op doel gebruiken ondergrondse bronnen. Bij WKO wordt gebruik gemaakt van de stabiele temperatuur die je vanaf enkele meters onder de grond vind. Voor WKO zijn minder diepe boringen nodig en het investeringsplaatje is ook beperkter. Dat is een techniek die inderdaad al vaker is toegepast, bijvoorbeeld ook bij nieuwe appartementencomplexen.

nobahamas 15 december 2013 00:20

Floricultura in Heemskerk heeft onderhand ook bijna de installatie draaiende
www.iftechnology.nl/wm.cgi?keywords=;...
geothermie.nl/geothermie-aardwarmte/p...

nobahamas 15 december 2013 00:23

Dit gaat behoorlijk dieper, ik heb vernomen 3200 meter (mondeling vernomen van een medewerker van Daldrup AG)

Ja, ja toch weer die Duitsers

nobahamas 15 december 2013 00:28

P.s. weet je wie een bekende buurman is op 700 meter afstand van Floricultura....
Tata Steel (de oude Hoogovens te Wijk aan Zee)

Waarom gaan die niet boren?

[verwijderd] 15 december 2013 00:29

Dat project had ik wel van gehoord. Maar volgens mij gaat dit project niet door. De eerste boringen waren verkennend. De bodemstructuur blijkt echter risico's te bevatten waardoor de financiers het project niet aandurven.

nobahamas 15 december 2013 00:34

Dit is het laatst bekende nieuws
www.noordhollandsdagblad.nl/stadstree...

nobahamas 15 december 2013 00:40

het laatste op datum
www.geothermie-zentrum.de/fileadmin/m...

[verwijderd] 15 december 2013 01:03

Ok, dan zijn de financieringsproblemen waar ik over gehoord had misschien toch van een ander project. Dat moet ik eens nazoeken. Hier vind je overigens ook geregeld updates over geothermie. Recent ook over het subsidiebeleid ten opzichte van geothermie in 2014. geothermie.nl/het-platform/

[verwijderd] 15 december 2013 01:05

quote:
nobahamas schreef op 15 december 2013 00:28:
P.s. weet je wie een bekende buurman is op 700 meter afstand van Floricultura....
Tata Steel (de oude Hoogovens te Wijk aan Zee)

Waarom gaan die niet boren?

Als ik me niet vergis is voor het bewerken van staal een temperatuur nodig die nog een stuk hoger ligt.

nobahamas 15 december 2013 16:44

Was ook meer een geintje, maar wieweet, Tata heeft ook een warmtektrachtcentrale en levert direct aan het Nuon.

voda 9 januari 2014 17:04

New Geothermal Plant Begins Serving California Through One Nevada Transmission Line

The Don A. Campbell geothermal power plant—a 16-MW base load complex located in Mineral County, Nev.—began full capacity operation on Dec. 6, 2013.

The plant, named after the geologist who discovered the resource, is supplying electricity to Southern California Public Power Authority (SCPPA) under a Power Purchase Agreement. SCPPA, in turn, resells the power to Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, and Burbank Water and Power.

The plant is a binary geothermal power plant designed by Ormat Technologies Inc. The technology is based on the Organic Rankine Cycle. In the thermodynamic process, heat is transferred at constant pressure to an organic fluid with a boiling point lower than water. The vaporized secondary fluid is then expanded in a turbine that drives a generator. The method allows a low resource temperature—in this case, approximately 260F—to be used for utility scale electric power generation.

“Ormat’s holistic approach to geothermal development, matching power plant design to the specific characteristics of the geothermal resource through rigorous exploration and field development, allowed our team of experts to work together to develop this successful project,” said Yoram Bronicki, president and chief operating officer of Ormat.

From the start of mechanical construction to full power output, the power plant was completed in nine months. Transmission of the power to Southern California hinged on completion of the One Nevada Transmission Line (ON Line) though. The 231-mile-long line—between Harry Allen Substation north of Las Vegas and the newly constructed Robinson Summit Substation located 20 miles west of Ely, Nev.—connects Nevada’s northern and southern transmission systems for the first time.

ON Line was the first transmission project to receive a U.S. Department of Energy loan guarantee back in 2011. It represents the first phase of the Southwest Intertie Project (SWIP), which when fully completed, will carry approximately 2 GW of electricity, and enable wind and solar resources in Wyoming, Idaho, and Nevada to power the Southwest and California markets.

—Aaron Larson, associate editor (@AaronL_Power, @POWERmagazine)

voda 7 maart 2014 16:54

Developing the World’s First Magma-Enhanced Geothermal System

In 2009, when the first borehole in a series of wells was drilled as part of the Icelandic Deep Drilling Project (IDDP) in Krafla, northeast Iceland (Figure 5), it unexpectedly penetrated into magma with a temperature of between 900C and 1,000C at a depth of only 2,100 meters (m). Further investigation of the borehole, IDDP-1, has led to the development of a unique geothermal project that supplies heat directly from magma.

“Drilling into magma is a very rare occurrence anywhere in the world, and this is only the second known instance, the first one, in 2007, being in Hawaii,” noted Wilfred Elders, a professor emeritus of geology at the University of California, Riverside who edited a special issue of the international journal Geothermics that was dedicated to the scientific and engineering findings arising from a two-year-long observation period at the unique borehole.

Bearing part of the substantial costs involved, the IDDP—comprising HS Energy, Reykjavik Energy, Iceland’s National Power Co., and the National Energy Authority of Iceland—pumped cold water into the hole to fracture rock near the magma and create high permeability. Next, they cemented a steel casing into the well that was perforated in the bottom section closest to the magma. Then, they allowed the hole to heat slowly. Eventually, high-pressure steam at temperatures of more than 450C, a measured output that was sufficient for 36 MW, was allowed to flow out of the hole for two years until July 2012, when it was closed due to a valve failure.

According to Elders, the feat of being able to drill down into the magma despite difficulties—and to control it—is impressive. Perhaps more importantly, the well, which created a world record for geothermal heat, produced steam (Figure 6) that could be fed directly into National Power’s 60-MW Krafla geothermal power plant near the Krafla Volcano. The team was also able to cope with a “difficult chemical composition of steam” from the well with “simple countermeasures.”

The IDDP-1 experiment demonstrated that a high-enthalpy geothermal system can be successfully created this way, he said. “This unique engineered geothermal system is the world’s first to supply heat directly from a molten magma.”

Around the world, several large-scale field projects that use enhanced geothermal systems (EGS)—an engineered heat exchanger designed to extract geothermal energy by fracturing hot rock at depths of 4 kilometers or more—have reached varying degrees of success. Only one project—the 2007-commissioned 3.2-MW Landau project in Germany—has sustained commercial production rates. EGS has been stalled by a variety of issues, foremost among them an exponentially higher power cost than for fossil-fueled generation, owing to expenses associated with drilling of deep geothermal wells, experts say.

The Krafla experiment was not without setbacks that “tried personnel and equipment throughout,” Elders said. Much remains to be done. The next steps entail repairing the IDDP-1 well—which is currently “unstable”—or drilling a new similar hole. The IDDP could drill the next borehole, IDDP-2, in southwest Iceland at Reykjanes between 2014 and 2015.

—Sonal Patel, associate editor (@POWERmagazine, @sonalcpatel)

Voor foto's, zie link:

www.powermag.com/developing-the-words...

nobahamas 20 maart 2014 00:13

HEEMSKERK - Orchideeënkwekerij Floricultura is een stap dichterbij het toekomstplan om haar broeikassen te verwarmen met aardwarmte. Op het terrein van de kwekerij in het Heemskerkse tuindersgebied is onlangs een tweede put geboord. Hierdoor kan het opgepompte water terug de grond in.

Ongeveer drie kilometer onder het terrein van Floricultura ligt bodemwater van ruim negentig graden. Het bedrijf wil dit omhoog halen door een put. Een warmtewisselaar moet vervolgens de warmte eruit halen. Dit gaat naar de kassen. Het afgekoelde water gaat daarna terug de grond in door de tweede put.
www.noordhollandsdagblad.nl/stadstree...

negentig graden!!!!!!!!

voda 7 november 2014 16:40

Indonesia Law Seeks to Allow Development of Volcano Power

This August, in a bid to bolster its latent geothermal energy industry, Indonesia passed new laws that allow geothermal exploration in protected areas such as forests.

Located in the Ring of Fire—a string of volcanoes and fault lines around the Pacific Basin—the archipelago has estimated potential geothermal resources of up to 29 GW. State power utility PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN), by comparison, has a total capacity of about 6.5 GW in its Java-Bali operations area.

Yet the fledgling geothermal sector has been slow to develop, and not just because the coal-rich country’s plans to electrify its 17,000 islands have long been limited by geographical challenges. Experts blame costs associated with geothermal technologies and frequent changes in the regulatory framework, as well as a general lack of qualified human resources.

Another prominent setback has been that most geothermal resources lie in protected mountain and forest areas, where mining is forbidden. However, the new law stipulates that exploration for geothermal energy and development of plants is no longer considered mining. The law also shifts the power to authorize projects from local entities to the central government.

This will mean that developers can work in the country’s vast tracts of protected land and possibly harness power from its 130 volcanoes (Figure 8), estimated to hold about 40% of the world’s geothermal potential.

This June, to make the industry more attractive to investors, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources also issued new rules that require PLN to buy power generated from geothermal power plants operated by independent power producers.

—Sonal Patel

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voda 4 mei 2015 20:36

Kenya Banks on Geothermal for Majority of Its Power

After adding a 280-MW geothermal power complex to its grid last year, Kenya is producing most of its power from geothermal sources, says the state-owned Kenya Electricity Generating Co. (KenGen).

This February, the East African country formally inaugurated the last phase of the Olkaria geothermal power complex, which comprised the 140-MW Olkaria IV plant and the additions of Olkaria I Units 4 and 5 (Figure 6), each with a capacity of 70 MW. The phase accounts for about 20% of Kenya’s total generating capacity.

Kenya, which typically depends on hydropower for its electricity needs, has been stricken by a two-year-long drought. Since adding the much-needed 280 MW of capacity to the national grid when last year’s phase was commissioned, total geothermal capacity has grown to 1.6 GW, surpassing hydro as the country’s main source of power and mitigating power shortages at a time when rains have failed.

According to KenGen, geothermal currently accounts for 51% of the national generation mix (it averaged 41% over the period spanning September 2014 to February 2015), followed by hydro at 36%—due to poor inflow of water to generating facilities. Thermal sources and those powered by diesel and heavy fuel oil accounted for 21%. The new projects have also resulted in a 65% drop in the generating company’s fuel costs, KenGen reported.

Geothermal exploration at Olkaria, a region that lies in the Naivasha sub-basin of the Rift Valley and is characterized by hot springs and fumaroles, began in 1955. But despite a total potential of about 10 GW, only 800 MW has so far been developed in Kenya. Most is owned by KenGen, with the remainder owned by Ormat International subsidiary Orpower4.

The Olkaria geothermal field has been divided into seven portions for ease of development and management. Olkaria I hosts a KenGen power plant with three 15-MW turbogenerators that were commissioned between 1981 and 1985. That field was last year expanded by 140 MW with the addition of the two new 70-MW units. KenGen says the increase of steam in the field was due to drilling wells of 3,000 meters (m), deeper than earlier wells that were drilled to between 900 m and 2,200 m.

Olkaria II hosts a 2003-commissioned 70-MW power plant and a 2010-commissioned 35-MW unit (for a total installed capacity of 105 MW). Olkaria III hosts a 110-MW power plant owned by Orpower4, operating on Organic Rankine Cycle binary plant turbines. At Olkaria IV, where a potential of more than 350 MW has been shown as a result of drilling over the last decade, another 140-MW power plant was completed and commissioned in 2014.

Japanese firms Toyota Tsusho Corp. and Hyundai Engineering Co. jointly received the order for the construction of the 280-MW Olkaria phase in November 2011. The companies teamed up with Toshiba Corp., which delivered the steam turbine generators.

Kenyan officials note that public corporations and independent power producers are expected to continue developing the region’s geothermal power resources in the future, though Toyota Tsusho is poised to play a major role.

In August 2012, the company became the first private firm to sign a comprehensive memorandum of understanding with Kenya to support the country’s VISION 2030, a policy roadmap that foresees a wide range of energy and development projects—and calls for a boost in generating capacity from 2.24 GW in 2014 to 17.5 GW in 2030. Targets will require adding 1.6 GW from geothermal resources by 2017. Tenders under consideration will include single units for Olkaria I and V projects, along with the geothermal units for Olkaria VI.

—Sonal Patel, associate editor

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voda 1 september 2015 17:02

Kenya Power signs geothermal and hydro PPAs for 76 MW

Published on Tue, 01 Sep 2015 137 times viewed

Kenya Power announced that it has sealed off-take contracts for 76 MW of capacity from newly-developed geothermal and hydroelectric facilities.

Kenya’s national electricity distributor has signed a power purchase agreement with Akiira Geothermal Ltd tied to the latter’s 70 MW geothermal power project in Kajiado. Under the terms of the contract, Akiira will be selling the output of the plant to Kenya Power at USD 0.0923 per kWh.

In addition, the utility has agreed to buy 6 MW of electricity from a mini hydro project in Embu currently being developed by Kleen Energy Ltd. The price per kWh agreed under that contract is USD 9.20.

Mr Ben Chumo, MD and CEO of Kenya Power, said that “These partnerships and generation projects are crucial towards meeting our goal to reach 70% connectivity by 2017 and universal access by 2020.” Recently, the utility signed a 100-MW wind PPA with Kipeto Power Ltd.

At present, Kenya’s installed generation capacity amounts to 2,298 MW, with geothermal and hydro accounting for 46.4% and 38.1% shares, respectively.

Source : See News

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