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Atommash Performs Hydraulic Tests of Reactor Pressure Vessel for Unit 1 of Akkuyu NPP in Turkey

The Volgodonsk Branch of JSC AEM-technology Atommash, part of the ROSATOM Engineering Division Atomenergomash, has successfully completed the hydraulic tests of the first reactor for the first power unit of the Akkuyu NPP under construction in Turkey. To carry out the final stage in the manufacturing process of the reactor pressure vessel, a special underground test bench is used - a caisson. A support ring was placed in it, on which, using a crane with a lifting capacity of 600 tons, the reactor pressure vessel was installed in the design position and closed with a process cover. Hydraulic tests were carried out in accordance with a special technology, during which a maximum pressure 24.5 MPa was generated in the reactor pressure vessel 1.4 times higher than the operating pressure.
According to the Director of the Volgodonsk branch of JSC "AEM-technology" Rovshan Abbasov, preparation for hydrotests of the reactor pressure vessel was carried out in difficult quarantine conditions. Despite this, Atommash specialists ensured accurate and high-quality execution of all necessary operations.

The reactor is a vertical cylindrical 334 tons-weight vessel with an elliptical bottom, inside of which the reactor core and internals are arranged. From above, the reactor is tightly sealed by a cover with the drives of mechanisms and control elements designed to regulate and protect the reactors and nozzles for outputting the cables of the sensors for on-site monitoring installed on it.

The Akkuyu NPP is the first nuclear power plant under construction in the Republic of Turkey. The Akkuyu NPP project includes four power units with Russian design VVER reactors of generation 3+. The capacity of each nuclear power unit will be 1,200 MW. To date, the project is fully funded by the Russian side. The construction of the "Akkuyu NPP" is the first project in the world nuclear industry, implemented according to the Build-Own-Operate model.

Source : Strategic Research Institute
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Fuel Loading Starts at Power Unit 2 of Leningrad NPP2

The first of 163 nuclear fuel assemblies has been loaded into the VVER-1200 reactor of power unit 2 of Leningrad NPP 2. Fuel loading marks the beginning of the physical start-up of an NPP. The plant is operated by ROSATOM’s Electric Power Division Rosenergoatom. After fuel is loaded, the reactor will be brought to minimum controllable power level up to 1%, to ensure safety of all relevant processes. The physical launch will be followed by the power start-up, trial operation, and integrated testing. The power unit is scheduled to be commissioned in 2021. It will replace the RBMK-1000 reactor-equipped power unit 2 of Leningrad NPP 1, which will be shut down at the end of this year after 45 years of service.

The VVER-1200 is the flagship of ROSATOM’s Generation III+ PWR-type reactor and the world’s only Generation III+ design in serial construction. Unit No 2 at the Leningrad-2 NPP is going to be the fourth in the series following units No 1 and 2 at the Novovoronezh-2 NPP, launched in 2016 and 2019 respectively, and unit No 1 at the Leningrad-2 NPP, launched in 2017.

The innovative Generation III+ power unit, equipped with the VVER-1200 reactor, has a number of advantages when compared to the previous generation VVER-1000: it is 20% more powerful; the amount of personnel operating the reactor has decreased by 30-40%; and the lifetime of the reactor has doubled to 60 years, with the possibility of lasting an additional 20 years.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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SNC-Lavalin Bags Darlington Nuclear Generating Station Contract

SNC-Lavalin has been awarded a contract for detailed design, fabrication/manufacturing and first commercial deployment of the newly developed Pressure Tube Circumferential Sampling Equipment PRECISE tool at OPG’s Darlington Nuclear Generating Station starting early 2021. This contract win is aligned with the Company’s new strategy moving forward towards engineering services and greater growth. PRECISE is an innovative next generation reactor inspection tool designed by SNC-Lavalin for taking samples of reactor core internals, allowing for in-situ life assessment of the pressure boundary material of fuel channel assemblies.

Fuel channels are subject to in-service aging mechanisms and require regular proactive inspections to monitor their condition and demonstrate fitness-for-service for the operating life of the reactor. This is done through “scraping” whereby the fuel channels are defueled and several samples of the inner diameter of the pressure tube are taken and inspected periodically. The PRECISE tool is capable of taking multiple samples at once, reducing worker dose and on-reactor cycle times. Remote and automated operations allow PRECISE to operate in both wet (with pressure boundary intact) and damp (channel drained and isolated) environments with 100 per cent traceability and capturability. The proven design responds quickly and reliably to changing pressure tube surface conditions in fuel channels and allows for 75 per cent less time on channel when compared to older tooling designs.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Lepse Fuel Assemblies Removal in Northwest Russia Completed

A milestone in nuclear safety was reached in north-west Russia with the successful completion of the final shipment of spent nuclear fuel assemblies from the former Soviet service ship Lepse. During its period of service 1934 to 1988, the Lepse served as a refuelling vessel for the nuclear icebreaker fleet. When the ship was taken out of service it held 639 damaged and distorted spent nuclear fuel assemblies representing a serious radiological hazard for the region which includes Murmansk, a city of 300,000 people. As many spent fuel assemblies could not be moved, the decision was taken to carve up the ship. This process began in 2012 when the Lepse was transferred to the Nerpa shipyard for dismantling. In the following years two large storage packages were created, one of which contained the spent nuclear fuel and was moved into a containment shelter constructed for defuelling operations and equipped with removal tools.

Withdrawn from service in 1988, the Lepse steadily deteriorated in dock, posing a threat to the environment and local population. The EBRD has been at the very heart of the project to retrieve the spent fuel - and make safe the Lepse’s legacy.

The spent fuel assemblies were transported on board the Serebyanka service ship from the Nerpa shipyard to the service base Atomflot. With the arrival of the sixth and last shipment, the final task funded related to the Lepse through the EBRD-managed Northern Dimension Environmental Partnership (NDEP) Fund has now been completed. From Atomflot the spent fuels will be transported to the Mayak nuclear facility in the Ural Mountains for long-term safe storage.

The programme is financed by the NDEP Nuclear Window, an international fund with contributions from Belgium, Canada, Denmark, the European Union, Finland, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway and the United Kingdom.

Other projects are the supply of a system for the handling and transport of 22,000 spent fuel assemblies from the coastal technical base in Andreeva Bay, built in the 1960s to service nuclear submarines of the former Soviet Northern Fleet; the removal of spent fuel assemblies from the SNF pool-type store in Andreeva Bay; and the removal of spent nuclear fuel from reactors of Papa-class nuclear-powered submarines.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Atommash Ships Steam Generator for 4th Power Unit of Kudankulam NPP in India

Volgodonsk Branch Atommash of JSC AEM-technology has shipped the last item from of set of heat-exchange equipment, which was manufactured for the fourth power unit of Kudankulam NPP in India. The item will be shipped by several means of transport to Tamil Nadu. First, from the factory to a specialized berth on Tsimlyansk water reservoir the steam generator was shipped by trucks. Then, with means of overhead traveling crane with capacity 650 tones, it was moved to a barge. Later, the item went to St. Petersburg by river route. From there to India the product will travel around Europe and through The Suez Canal and later by sea. Length of route will be 21,000 kilometers.

The steam generator belongs to products of first safety class. Vessel of steam generator is a horizontal cylindrical vessel with two elliptical heads, in the middle part of which there are headers for supplying and removing hot coolant. Diameter is more than 4 meter, length of equipment is about 15 meters. Weight of equipment is 340 tons. In upper part of vessel there is steam space, in lower part of vessel of steam generator there is heat exchange surface, which consists of 11,000 stainless steel tubes. Tubes are 16 mm in diameter and 10 to 14 meters long. The ends of tubes are fixed in two headers.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE,
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Rosatom Manufactures Full Refueling Batch of MOX Fuel for BN-800 Fast Reactor

The Mining and Chemical Combine in Zheleznogorsk in Krasnoyarsk region in East Siberia has manufactured the first full reload batch of fresh uranium-plutonium MOX fuel for BN-800 fast reactor, operated at Beloyarsk NPP. The 169 fuel assemblies have been accepted by Rosenergoatom, the operator of Russian NPPs, and its authorized representative VPO ZAES, which has confirmed the consignment is ready for shipment. TVEL Fuel Company of Rosatom will supply the fresh MOX fuel for the Beloyarsk NPP in Zarechny, Sverdlovsk region in the Urals, providing the shipments till the end of 2020. The refueling at BN-800 is scheduled for January, 2021.

The BN-800 reactor was initially launched with a hybrid core, partially loaded with uranium fuel produced by Elemash, TVEL’s fabrication facility in Elektrostal (Moscow region), and partially with experimental MOX fuel bundles manufactured at the Research Institute of Atomic Reactors in Dimitrovgrad, Ulyanovsk region NIIAR. The first serial batch of 18 MOX fuel assemblies was loaded into BN-800 core in late 2019, and the rest of the fresh fuel were bundles with enriched uranium (in January, 2020, after an overhaul, the Beloyarsk NPP unit 4 successfully resumed operation).

The shift to the full load of BN-800 core with MOX fuel is scheduled for early 2022.

Distinct from traditional nuclear fuel with enriched uranium, MOX fuel pellets are based on the mix of nuclear fuel cycle derivatives, such as oxide of plutonium bred in commercial reactors, and oxide of depleted uranium which comes from defluorination of depleted uranium hexafluoride, the so-called secondary tailings of uranium enrichment facilities.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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SNC-Lavalin Bags National Nuclear Cleanup Contract from US Department of Energy

SNC-Lavalin has been awarded an Indefinite Delivery Indefinite Quantity contract to provide nationwide Deactivation, Decommissioning & Removal of nuclear facilities, as well as waste management and program support from the US Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management, through its Atkins Nuclear Secured Holdings Corporation entity. This multiple award contract has a 10-year ordering period, and a maximum ceiling of USD 3 billion US, split between nine companies. This contract is within SNCL Engineering Services, the cornerstone of our strategy moving forward to greater growth and support for our partners and customers.

DOE-EM will issue task orders to conduct DD&R of excess, legacy facilities across the EM complex. This support will also be available to the National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Naval Reactors and the Office of Science, as well as other DOE Offices or other Federal Agencies that may request EM assistance in accomplishing their DD&R requirements.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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3rd Layer of Reactor Building Inner Containment Erected at Power Unit No 1 of Rooppur NPP

The works on erection and concreting of the reactor building inner containment third layer sections of Rooppur NPP power unit No.1 being constructed in Bangladesh have been completed. All works on the third layer were performed by TrestRosSEM LLC specialists for the period of 118 days. Totally, 2000 cubic meters of concrete mixture was placed. Erection of the inner containment third layer - is one of the construction milestones at the Rooppur NPP site in 2020. It was achieved in compliance with the schedule. During the erection and concreting of the inner containment sections, new technical solutions were applied that allowed increasing the labor productivity.

It resulted in the spread of activities for erection of the main layer of the inner containment to support a polar crane. The polar crane is intended for installation of the reactor building main equipment (reactor pressure vessels, steam generators, main circulation pumps) as well as pipelines and other metal structures. Its structure is erected under the dome of the reactor building on a special rail in the form of a circle.

Rooppur NPP with two VVER-1200 reactors and the total capacity of 2400 MW is being constructed under the Russian design, 160 km from Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, in accordance with General Contract dated 25 December 2015. The General Contractor for Rooppur NPP construction is Atomstroyexport, Engineering Division of ROSATOM.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Belorussian NPP Unit 1 Ready for Physical Start-up

The Department of Nuclear and Radiation Safety of the Ministry for Emergency Situations of the Republic of Belarus Gosatomnadzor has issued a permit for loading fresh nuclear fuel into the reactor of the Belarusian NPP Unit 1 for which ROSATOM Engineering Division is the general designer and general contractor. In accordance with the laws of the Republic of Belarus, Gosatomnadzor experts carried out a targeted inspection, which confirmed readiness of technological systems, equipment, personnel of the nuclear power unit and operational documentation for the beginning of the physical start-up phase. In the coming days, the first of 163 fuel assemblies will be loaded into the reactor of Unit 1, where after the engineers will proceed to assemble the reactor plant.

Physical start-up is an important stage in the commissioning process of a nuclear power unit, during which fuel is loaded into the reactor, the chain reaction starts with reaching the minimum controllable level (1% of the capacity) and relevant tests are performed. From that moment on, the reactor acquires the status of a nuclear power facility. The main objective of this stage is to verify the reliability and safety of the power unit at its design parameters and execute the power start-up afterwards.

The two-unit Belarusian NPP with a total power capacity of 2,400 MW is being constructed in the Belarusian town of Ostrovets. Being the country’s first NPP, it is based on a Russian Gen 3+ design that fully complies with the international standards and the IAEA safety recommendations.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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TVEL Subsidiary to Supply Refuelling Machines for Akkuyu NPP

Rosatom's TVEL Fuel Company’s Central Institute of Design and Technology has been awarded and has signed the contract for supply of refuelling machines for Units 1-4 of Akkuyu NPP which is being constructed by Rosatom Russian State Corporation in Turkey, based on Russian project. Under the contract, CPTI will provide development of the technical documentation, supply RMs for each power unit at Akkuyu NPP, and installation. The equipment will be manufactured in Russia. Refuelling machine is designed for nuclear fuel loading and replacement of spent fuel with fresh fuel assemblies during the operational cycle of a power unit. RMs are used for operations with nuclear fuel assemblies and absorbing rods of the reactor’s control and safety system, as well as for fuel cladding failure detection.

The machine is mounted on the hermetic vessel of the reactor building above the fuel storage pond and reactor pit. The total weight of the assembled RM will be approximately 55 tons.

CPTI has already begun to develop the technical project and necessary design documentation for manufacture of the RM for the Power Unit No. 1 of Akkuyu NPP - its supply is scheduled on 2022. The equipment supply for all four power units is to be provided by 2025, completion of installation - by the early 2026.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Reactor Pressure Vessel Dry Shielding Installation Completed at Kudankulam NPP Unit 3

On the site of Kudankulam NPP Unit 3 under construction, Indian contractor Larsen & Toubro, under technical support of Russian experts, completed the works on installation into position of the reactor pressure vessel Dry Shielding. Dry Shielding is a cylindrical shield in metal cladding filled with serpentine concrete and located around the reactor pressure vessel. This structure serves for the neutron flux attenuation, and facilitates prevention of overheating of the reinforced concrete reactor pit structure.

Works on Dry Shielding preparation for installation are completed in time as scheduled. The equipment was manufactured at Tiazhmash JSC in Syzran town. The cylindrical shield filled with serpentine concrete weighs 140 tons.

Installation of the reactor pressure vessel Dry Shielding is an essential process operation on the critical path of the Unit construction time schedule. After completion of it, the installation of the reactor support truss and other assembly operations are performed, which are followed by the installation of the reactor pressure vessel into position.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Leningrad NPP 2 Unit 2 Successfully Passes WANO Pre Start Up Peer Review

Leningrad NPP 2Experts of the World Association of Nuclear Operators Moscow Centre have completed a pre-start-up peer review of the Leningrad NPP-2 Unit 2. The purpose of review was to assess the readiness of the unit for safe start-up and further operation. Peer reviews are conducted at operating nuclear power plants once every four years, including at the start-up stage. During the inspection at the Leningrad NPP, the team of international experts verified the operational, fire and emergency readiness of the power unit, as well as the level of safety culture among the plant’s personnel. These areas are of great importance in ensuring the reliability and safety of a nuclear facility throughout the entire period of its operation, and especially at the stage when the enterprise finishes construction and begins operation. The performed review became an additional tool in increasing the safety of the future NPP.

The commissioning of Unit 2 with VVER-1200 reactor is carried out in stages and was started on July 19, 2020 with physical start-up when the first fuel assembly with fresh nuclear fuel was loaded into the reactor vessel. At later stages, during the power start-up, pilot operation and comprehensive testing of the unit, all systems will undergo final inspections. The unit is scheduled to be put into commercial operation in 2021. The new unit will replace the NPP’s unit with the RBMK-1000 reactor, which has been in operation for 45 years.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Core Catcher for Unit 2 Delivered to Akkuyu NPP in Turkey

Core Melt Localization Device, a crucial component of Unit 2 passive nuclear safety system, has been delivered to Akkuyu NPP construction site. The core catcher body is 5.8 meters high and 6.1 meters in diameter. It is a 169-ton steel cone-shaped container, which will safely hold the core melt and prevent radioactive substances from leaving the containment structure of the reactor building in case of emergency. Hence, Akkuyu NPP is protected against the most severe accidents. The melt localization device is installed to all modern nuclear power plants equipped with Generation III+ reactors. The core catcher features the maximum safety characteristics, namely improved seismic resistance, hydrodynamic and impact strength.

The installation of the CMLD body, which was manufactured at TYAZHMASH plant in Russia, at Unit 2 of Akkuyu NPP is scheduled for November 2020. Once the installation is over, the weight of the core catcher including internal equipment will be 668 tons.

The construction works are currently being performed at three power units of Akkuyu NPP. All construction stages are thoroughly controlled by independent inspection organizations and the Nuclear Regulatory Authority, a national regulatory body, as well as by the experts of Assystem international engineering group.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Exelon Generation to Retire Byron and Dresden Nuclear Plants in Illinois

Exelon Generation announced that it intends to retire its Byron Generating Station and Dresden Generating Station in fall 2021, resulting in the loss of four nuclear generation units that together supply clean, zero-emissions energy to more than four million homes and businesses in northern Illinois. Byron, located just outside Byron in Illinoi will close in September 2021 and Dresden located in Morris in Illinoi will close in November 2021.

Dresden is licensed to operate for another decade and Byron for another 20 years. Together, they employ more than 1,500 full-time employees and 2,000 supplemental workers during refueling outages, most from local union halls. The plants pay nearly $63 million in taxes annually to support local schools, fire, police and other services. The two plants supply 30 percent of Illinois’ carbon-free energy and are essential to meeting the state’s goal to achieve 100 percent clean energy.

Despite being among the most efficient and reliable units in the nation’s nuclear fleet, Dresden and Byron face revenue shortfalls in the hundreds of millions of dollars because of declining energy prices and market rules that allow fossil fuel plants to underbid clean resources in the PJM capacity auction, even though there is broad public support for sustaining and expanding clean energy resources to address the climate crisis. The plants’ economic challenges are further exacerbated by a recent FERC ruling that undermines longstanding state clean energy programs and gives an additional competitive advantage to polluting energy sources in the auction. As a result of these market rules, Exelon Generation’s LaSalle and Braidwood nuclear stations in Illinois, each of which house two nuclear units and together employ more than 1,500 skilled workers, are also at high risk for premature closure.

While retirement preparations are underway, employees will continue to operate the plants at world-class levels of safety and operational excellence until they are decommissioned. Exelon Generation will work to place affected plant employees at other Exelon facilities or help them transition to positions outside the company, wherever possible.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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US Versatile Test Reactor Program Chooses Bechtel Led Team

A Bechtel-led team has been selected to enter negotiations to design, engineer, and build the US Versatile Test Reactor, a first of a kind facility at the Idaho National Laboratory that will test components and fuels for US advanced nuclear reactor designs. Joining Bechtel National Inc on the team will be GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy and TerraPower LLC, two leading advanced nuclear technology companies. BNI and GEH have been participating as part of a team from INL, five additional laboratories, 19 universities, and industry partners to develop a conceptual design, cost estimate, and schedule for the VTR.

Instead of producing electricity, the Versatile Test Reactor would conduct irradiation testing for fuels, materials, and equipment to be used in rapidly evolving designs for advanced reactors brought forward by US companies, as well as public and private research institutions.

The US currently has no capability to test these components. That capability is what the Versatile Test Reactor will provide.

Advanced, or Gen IV, reactors are cooled by substances other than water, such as liquid sodium, molten salts, gas, or molten lead. They are inherently safer because they can cool without backup power, produce less radioactive waste, and, as with all nuclear power plants, produce no greenhouse gases during operation.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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EDF to Restart Hunterston B power Station

EDF has received approval to start generating low carbon power again from one of the reactors at Hunterston B power station in Ayrshire in Scotland. This follows a major, two-year inspection and investment programme to prove that the station can respond safely to a range of earthquake scenarios, far worse than the UK has ever experienced or expects to occur. Given the age of the station and the desire to provide clarity for our staff, the community and business partners, EDF has decided that Hunterston B will move into the defuelling phase no later than 7 January 2022. This is subject to a further inspection in Spring 2021 and then regulatory approval for a final 6 months of operation.

Hunterston B started generating low carbon electricity in 1976. In 2012 EDF extended the generating life of the station out to March 2023, with a +/- 2 years proviso.

Once Hunterston B stops generating power, EDF will take on the next task of defuelling the station, the first stage of the nuclear decommissioning process. Preparations for defuelling have been underway for a long time and, once started, the process is expected to take a few years to complete. Defuelling will involve continued use of EDF’s uniquely experienced teams, and specialist supply chain companies, thereby helping sustain an important source of local jobs in Ayrshire and the surrounding economy.

EDF is building European pressurised water reactors at Hinkley Point C and developing plans for a replica plant at Sizewell C. It also has a minority stake in the Bradwell B project.

Hunterston B is one of a fleet of 7 Advanced Gas-cooled Reactors around the coast of Britain that, whatever the weather conditions, have reliably provided around 15% of the country’s power supply over the last 3 decades.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Belgische kernreactor Tihange 2 hoeft niet dicht

De kerncentrale Tihange van Engie Electrabel hoeft niet voortijdig dicht, maar zal zijn deuren zoals gepland in 2023 sluiten Foto: Reuters

De Begische kerncentrales Tihange 2 en Doel 3 mogen open blijven. Dat heeft de Nederlandstalige rechtbank van eerste aanleg in Brussel beslist, zo melden Belgische media De Tijd en VRT donderdag.

Een groep van Duitse, Nederlandse en Luxemburgse steden, gemeenten, deelstaten en actiegroepen had een rechtszaak aangespannen om de kerncentrales voortijdig te laten sluiten. Ze maken zich zorgen over de veiligheid van de centrales. In 2012 werden bij een periodieke inspectie duizenden kleine onzuiverheden in het staal van het reactorvat, het hart van de kerncentrale, geconstateerd. De centrale werd daarop een aantal jaar stilgelegd en in 2015 weer opgestart.

Waterstofdeeltjes
De Belgische nucleaire waakhond FANC oordeelde toen dat de centrale, ondanks deze haarscheurtjes, veilig verder uitgebaat kon worden. Volgens de branchevereniging van de nucleaire sector in België zijn de onzuiverheden waterstofinsluitsels die zijn ontstaan bij het smeden van het reactorvat veertig jaar geleden. Toen is niet alle waterstof uit het staal verwijderd en bleef dit gas in het staal zitten. De onzuiverheden zouden zich niet ontwikkelen, waardoor de sterkte van de reactorkuip gewaarborgd blijft onder alle omstandigheden, ook bij een incident.

De beslissing om de kerncentrales open te houden, veroorzaakte veel onvrede in buurlanden, waarna een internationaal consortium naar de rechtbank stapte om de beslissing van het FANC aan te vechten. Ze vrezen voor de veiligheid van 5 miljoen mensen rondom de centrales.

De rechter volg het oordeel van de toezichthouder dat de centrales veilig zijn en dus open kunnen blijven.

'Grote gevolgen voor stroomvoorziening'
Als Tihange 2 en Doel 3 dicht zouden moeten, zou dat volgens De Tijd grote gevolgen hebben gehad voor de stroomvoorziening in België, omdat met de sluiting een derde van de nucleaire productiecapaciteit in België weg zou vallen
Zowel Tihange 2 als Doel 3 worden over een aantal jaar volgens planning uit bedrijf genomen. Doel 3 gaat tegen oktober 2022 dicht en Tihange 2 tegen februari 2023. Eigenaar Engie Electrabel is bezig de sluiting en ontmanteling voor te bereiden.

Geen hoger beroep
De Belgische hoogspanningsnetbeheerder Elia waarschuwt al langer dat vanaf 2023 stroomtekorten dreigen als de eerste twee kerncentrales sluiten zonder dat alternatieven klaar staan.

Omdat beide reactoren in 2022 en 2023 hoe dan ook worden stilgelegd heeft hoger beroep weinig zin.

fd.nl/ondernemen/1356090/belgische-ke...
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NuScale Power Small Modular Reactor to Receive US NRC Approval

NuScale Power announced that the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission has completed Phase 6 review, the last and final phase, of the Design Certification Application for the company’s groundbreaking Small Modular Reactor with the issuance of the Final Safety Evaluation Report. The FSER represents completion of the technical review and approval of the NuScale SMR design. With this final phase of NuScale’s DCA now complete, customers can proceed with plans to develop NuScale power plants with the understanding that the NRC has approved the safety aspects of the NuScale design.

NuScale’s DCA was completed in December 2016 and accepted by the NRC in March 2017. The review process demonstrated both the simplicity of NuScale’s SMR design and the thoroughness of the company’s application. As an example, during the rigorous Phase 1 review process, which included 115,000 hours spent reviewing the DCA, the NRC issued far fewer requests for additional information compared to other design certification applications. NuScale spent over $500 million, with the backing of Fluor, and over 2 million labor hours to develop the information needed to prepare its DCA application. The company also submitted 14 separate Topical Reports in addition to the over 12,000 pages for its DCA application and provided more than 2 million pages of supporting information for NRC audits.

NuScale continues to maintain strong program momentum toward commercialization of its SMR technology, including supply chain development, standard plant design, planning of plant delivery activities, and startup and commissioning plans. The company fields growing domestic and international customer interest from those who see the NuScale power plant as a long-term solution for providing reliable, safe, affordable, and operationally flexible carbon-free energy for diverse applications. NuScale has signed agreements with entities in the US, Canada, Romania, the Czech Republic, and Jordan. Similar agreements with other entities are being negotiated.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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TerraPower & GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy Introduce Commercial Natrium Power Production and Storage System

TerraPower and GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy announced the launch of the Natrium reactor and energy system architecture. This advanced nuclear technology features a cost-competitive sodium fast reactor combined with a molten salt energy storage system. Building on the technology used in solar thermal generation, Natrium energy storage and flexible power production will offer abundant clean energy in time to help meet climate goals. The Natrium technology’s novel architecture simplifies previous reactor types. Non-nuclear mechanical, electrical and other equipment will be housed in separate structures, reducing complexity and cost. The design is intended to permit significant cost savings by allowing major portions of the plant to be built to industrial standards. Improvements use fewer equipment interfaces and reduce the amount of nuclear-grade concrete by 80% compared to large reactors. Natrium reactors are designed to provide firm, flexible power that seamlessly integrates into power grids with high penetrations of renewables.

The Natrium system features a 345MWe reactor and can be optimized for specific markets. For instance, its innovative thermal storage has the potential to boost the system’s output to 500MWe of power for more than five and a half hours when needed. This allows for a nuclear design that follows daily electric load changes and helps customers capitalize on peaking opportunities driven by renewable energy fluctuations.

The breadth and depth of the team’s expertise and resources reflect years of work on multiple reactor designs and efforts across the nuclear lifecycle. The Natrium system demonstrates the benefits of modern virtual design and construction tools and has attracted the attention of numerous utilities through the U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Reactor Demonstration Program. PacifiCorp, a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Energy, Energy Northwest and Duke Energy have expressed their support for the commercialization effort, which will provide energy and energy storage to the electrical grid.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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First Nuclear Reaction at Unit 2 of Leningrad NPP-2

The final stage of the physical launch for the newest VVER-1200 2th power block has been launched at Leningrad NPP-2, a part of the electric power division of ROSATOM. This is the first time the nuclear facility has reached the minimum controllable power. This means that the neutron flux control equipment has recorded stable neutron capacity, and the first self-sustained controlled nuclear reaction has commenced in the reactor core.

During the week, over 50 tests will take place at the power unit in accordance with the physical launch schedule. Those reviews will help to specify the neutron-physical parameters of the nuclear reactor’s first fuel loading that were obtained by the calculations as well as to confirm that the safety, blocks and the whole nuclear-physical control and reactor facility’s nuclear safety systems are working in a reliable manner.

The commercial launch of the VVER-1200 6th power block takes place in stages and commenced on July 19, 2020, when the first fresh fuel assembly was loaded into the reactor core. At the next stages, during the power start-up, pilot production and comprehensive testing of the power unit, all release station equipment will undergo the final verification under all operating parameters, with the electric and heat power output.

The commercial launch of unit 2 of Leningrad NPP-2 is scheduled for 2021. The new power unit will take over its ‘elder brother’, the RBMK 2nd power block that had been effectively in use for 45 years.

Source : STRATEGIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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 Europe50^ 4.930,44 +0,18%
 US30^ 38.691,83 0,00%
 Nasd100^ 17.893,96 0,00%
 US500^ 5.127,53 0,00%
 Japan225^ 38.326,05 0,00%
 Gold spot 2.301,75 0,00%
 EUR/USD 1,0762 +0,34%
 WTI 78,11 0,00%
#/^ Index indications calculated real time, zie disclaimer

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